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NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the actions presented in scenario 4 is NOT compliant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001?

• A. TradeB selected only ISO/IEC 27001 controls deemed applicable to the company
• B. The external experts selected security controls and drafted the Statement of Applicability
• C. The Statement of Applicability was drafted before conducting the risk assessment

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 37
Scenario 10: NetworkFuse develops, manufactures, and sells network hardware. The company has had an operational information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 requirements and a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001 for approximately two years. Recently, it has applied for a j^ombined certification audit in order to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.
After selecting the certification body, NetworkFuse prepared the employees for the audit The company decided to not conduct a self-evaluation before the audit since, according to the top management, it was not necessary. In addition, it ensured the availability of documented information, including internal audit reports and management reviews, technologies in place, and the general operations of the ISMS and the QMS.
However, the company requested from the certification body that the documentation could not be carried off-site However, the audit was not performed within the scheduled days because NetworkFuse rejected the audit team leader assigned and requested their replacement The company asserted that the same audit team leader issued a recommendation for certification to its main competitor, which, for the company's top management, was a potential conflict of interest. The request was not accepted by the certification body NetworkFuse should_________________to ensure that employees are prepared for the audit. Refer to scenario
10.

• A. Select a certification body that provides combined audits
• B. Observe the technologies used
• C. Conduct practice interviews

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
One of the ways to prepare employees for an ISO/IEC 27001 audit is to conduct practice interviews with them.
This can help them to familiarize themselves with the audit process, the types of questions they might be asked, and the evidence they need to provide to demonstrate compliance with the standard. Practice interviews can also help employees to identify any gaps or weaknesses in their knowledge or performance, and to address them before the actual audit. Practice interviews can be conducted by internal auditors, managers, or consultants, and should cover the relevant scope, objectives, and criteria of the audit. (From the PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course Manual, page 113) References:
PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course Manual, page 113
PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Info Kit, page 10
5 Step Plan: How to Prepare for an ISO 27001 Certification Audit

NEW QUESTION # 38
Which tool is used to identify, analyze, and manage interested parties?

• A. The probability/impact matrix
• B. The power/interest matrix
• C. The likelihood/severity matrix

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 39
Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.
Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information.
Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.
However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.
The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.
In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.
Based on scenario 2, Beauty should have implemented (1)_____________________________ to detect (2)_________________________.

• A. (1) Network intrusions, (2) technical vulnerabilities
• B. (1) An intrusion detection system, (2) intrusions on networks
• C. (1) An access control software, (2) patches

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors network activities, looking for malicious behaviors or policy violations, and reports their findings to a management station. An IDS can help an organization to detect intrusions on networks, which are unauthorized attempts to access, manipulate, or harm network resources or data. In the scenario, Beauty should have implemented an IDS to detect intrusions on networks, such as the one that exposed customers' information due to the out-of-date anti-malware software. An IDS could have alerted the IT team about the suspicious network activity and helped them to respond faster and more effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 3.14; ISO/IEC 27039:2015, Information technology - Security techniques - Selection, deployment and operations of intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS), clause 4.1.

NEW QUESTION # 40
What is the main purpose of Annex A 7.1 Physical security perimeters of ISO/IEC 27001?

• A. To prevent unauthorized physical access, damage, and interference to the organization's information and other associated assets
• B. To ensure access to information and other associated assets is defined and authorized
• C. To maintain the confidentiality of information that is accessible by personnel or external parties

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
Annex A 7.1 of ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 is a control that requires an organization to define and implement security perimeters and use them to protect areas that contain information and other associated assets.
Information and information security assets can include data, infrastructure, software, hardware, and personnel. The main purpose of this control is to prevent unauthorized physical access, damage, and interference to these assets, which could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information. Physical security perimeters can include fences, walls, gates, locks, alarms, cameras, and other barriers or devices that restrict or monitor access to the facility or area. The organization should also consider the environmental and fire protection of the assets, as well as the disposal of any waste or media that could contain sensitive information.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Study Guide, Section 5.3.1.7, page 101 ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit, page 17 ISO/IEC 27002 : 2022, Control 7.1 - Physical Security Perimeters123

NEW QUESTION # 41
Which is a legislative or regulatory act related to information security that can be imposed upon all organizations?

• A. ISO/IEC 27001:2005
• B. Intellectual Property Rights
• C. Personal data protection legislation
• D. ISO/IEC 27002:2005

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 42
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
The decision to treat only risks that were classified as high indicates that Trade B has:

• A. Modified other risk categories based on risk evaluation criteria
• B. Evaluated other risk categories based on risk treatment criteria
• C. Accepted other risk categories based on risk acceptance criteria

Answer: C

Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022, risk acceptance criteria are the criteria used to decide whether a risk can be accepted or not1. Risk acceptance criteria are often based on a maximum level of acceptable risks, on cost-benefits considerations, or on consequences for the organization2. In the scenario, TradeB decided to treat only the high risk category, which implies that

NEW QUESTION # 43
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on scenario 4, the fact that TradeB defined the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that;

• A. The level of risk will be evaluated against qualitative criteria
• B. The level of risk will be defined using a formula
• C. The level of risk will be evaluated using quantitative analysis

Answer: A

Explanation:
Qualitative risk assessment is a method of evaluating risks based on nonnumerical categories, such as low, medium, and high. It is often used when there is not enough data or resources to perform a quantitative risk assessment, which involves numerical values and calculations. Qualitative risk assessment relies on the subjective judgment and experience of the risk assessors, and it can be influenced by various factors, such as thecontext, the stakeholders, and the criteria. According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1 states: "The organization shall define and apply an information security risk assessment process that: ... d) identifies the risk owners; e) analyses the risks: i) assesses the consequences that would result if the risks identified were to materialize; ii) assesses the realistic likelihood of the occurrence of the risks; f) identifies and evaluates options for the treatment of risks; g) determines the levels of residual risk and whether these are acceptable; and h) identifies the risk owners for the residual risks." Therefore, TradeB's decision to define the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that they used a qualitative risk assessment process.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1
* PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7, slides 12-13

NEW QUESTION # 44
Scenario 7: InfoSec is a multinational corporation headquartered in Boston, MA, which provides professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment services. After facing numerous information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future Emma, Bob. and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT) and a forensics team Emma's job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.
Bob, a network expert, will deploy a screened subnet network architecture This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (OMZ) to which hosted public services are attached and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring that a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event is conducted, including the details on how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.
Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analysis, and reports in order to keep evidence for the purpose of disciplinary and legal action, and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.
According to scenario 7, a demilitarized zone (DMZ) is deployed within InfoSec's network. What type of control has InfoSec implemented in this case?

• A. Corrective
• B. Detective
• C. Preventive

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a network segment that separates the internal network from the external network, such as the Internet. It is used to host public services that need to be accessible from outside the organization, such as web servers, email servers, or DNS servers. A DMZ provides a layer of protection for the internal network by limiting the exposure of the public services and preventing unauthorized access from the external network. A DMZ is an example of a preventive control, which is a type of control that aims to prevent or deter the occurrence of an information security incident. Preventive controls reduce the likelihood of a threat exploiting a vulnerability and causing harm to the organization's information assets. Other examples of preventive controls are encryption, authentication, firewalls, antivirus software, and security awareness training.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Study Guide, Section 8.2.3.2.1, page 162 ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit, page 13 ISO/IEC 27002 : 2022, Section 13.1.3, page 66

NEW QUESTION # 45
In scenario 1, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the loss of functionality of the software. Which principle of information security has been affected in this case?

• A. Confidentiality
• B. Availability
• C. Integrity

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 46
Scenario 10: NetworkFuse develops, manufactures, and sells network hardware. The company has had an operational information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 requirements and a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001 for approximately two years. Recently, it has applied for a j^ombined certification audit in order to obtain certification against ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO 9001.
After selecting the certification body, NetworkFuse prepared the employees for the audit The company decided to not conduct a self-evaluation before the audit since, according to the top management, it was not necessary. In addition, it ensured the availability of documented information, including internal audit reports and management reviews, technologies in place, and the general operations of the ISMS and the QMS.
However, the company requested from the certification body that the documentation could not be carried off-site However, the audit was not performed within the scheduled days because NetworkFuse rejected the audit team leader assigned and requested their replacement The company asserted that the same audit team leader issued a recommendation for certification to its main competitor, which, for the company's top management, was a potential conflict of interest. The request was not accepted by the certification body According to scenario 10, NetworkFuse requested from the certification body to review all the documentation only on-site. Is this acceptable?

• A. Yes, only if a confidentiality agreement is formerly signed by the audit team
• B. Yes, the auditee may request that the review of the documentation takes place on-site
• C. No, the certification body decides whether the documentation review takes place on-site or off-site

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standard, the certification body is responsible for planning and conducting the audit, including the review of the documented information. The certification body may decide to review the documentation on-site or off-site, depending on the audit objectives, scope, criteria, and risks.
The auditee may not impose any restrictions on the access to the documentation, unless there are valid reasons for confidentiality or security. However, such restrictions should be agreed upon before the audit and should not compromise the effectiveness and impartiality of the audit.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 9.2.2
ISO/IEC 27006:2021, clause 7.1.4

NEW QUESTION # 47
An organization has decided to conduct information security awareness and training sessions on a monthly basis for all employees. Only 45% of employees who attended these sessions were able to pass the exam.
What does the percentage represent?

• A. Attribute
• B. Performance indicator
• C. Measurement objective

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 48
FinanceX, a well-known financial institution, uses an online banking platform that enables clients to easily and securely access their bank accounts. To log in, clients are required to enter the one-lime authorization code sent to their smartphone. What can be concluded from this scenario?

• A. FinanceX has incorrectly implemented a security control that could become a vulnerability
• B. FinanceX has implemented an integrity control that avoids the involuntary corruption of data
• C. FinanceX has implemented a securityControl that ensures the confidentiality of information

Answer: C

Explanation:
Confidentiality is the property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes. A security control is a measure that is put in place to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets. In this scenario, FinanceX has implemented a security control that ensures theconfidentiality of information by requiring clients to enter a one-time authorization code sent to their smartphone when they log in to their online banking platform. This control prevents unauthorized access to the clients' bank accounts and protects their sensitive information from being disclosed to third parties. The one-time authorization code is a form of two-factor authentication, which is a security technique that requires two pieces of evidence to verify the identity of a user. In this case, the two factors are something the user knows (their username and password) and something the user has (their smartphone). Two-factor authentication is a recommended security control for online banking platforms, as it provides a higher level of security than single-factor authentication, which relies only on one piece of evidence, such as a password.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Course Content, Module 5: Introduction to Information Security Controls based on ISO/IEC 27001:20221; ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information Security, Cybersecurity and Privacy Protection, Clause 3.6: Confidentiality2; ISO/IEC 27002:2022 Code of practice for information security controls, Clause 9.4: Access control3

NEW QUESTION # 49
Scenario 8: SunDee is an American biopharmaceutical company, headquartered in California, the US. It specializes in developing novel human therapeutics, with a focus on cardiovascular diseases, oncology, bone health, and inflammation. The company has had an information security management system (ISMS) based on SO/IEC 27001 in place for the past two years. However, it has not monitored or measured the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS and conducted management reviews regularly Just before the recertification audit, the company decided to conduct an internal audit. It also asked most of their staff to compile the written individual reports of the past two years for their departments. This left the Production Department with less than the optimum workforce, which decreased the company's stock.
Tessa was SunDee's internal auditor. With multiple reports written by 50 different employees, the internal audit process took much longer than planned, was very inconsistent, and had no qualitative measures whatsoever Tessa concluded that SunDee must evaluate the performance of the ISMS adequately. She defined SunDee's negligence of ISMS performance evaluation as a major nonconformity, so she wrote a nonconformity report including the description of the nonconformity, the audit findings, and recommendations. Additionally, Tessa created a new plan which would enable SunDee to resolve these issues and presented it to the top management How does SunDee's negligence affect the ISMS certificate? Refer to scenario 8.

• A. SunDee might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, because the internal audit lasted longer than planned
• B. SunDee might not be able to renew the ISMS certificate, because it has not conducted management reviews at planned intervals
• C. SunDee will renew the ISMS certificate, because it has conducted an Internal audit to evaluate the ISMS effectiveness

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 9.3, the top management of an organization must review the ISMS at planned intervals to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. The management review must consider the status of actions from previous management reviews, changes in external and internal issues, the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS, feedback from interested parties, results of risk assessment and treatment, and opportunities for continual improvement. The management review must also result in decisions and actions related to the ISMS policy and objectives, resources, risks and opportunities, and improvement. The management review is a critical process that demonstrates the commitment and involvement of the top management in the ISMS and its alignment with the strategic direction of the organization. The management review also provides input for the internal audit and the certification audit.
SunDee has neglected to conduct management reviews regularly, which means that it has not fulfilled the requirement of clause 9.3. This is a major nonconformity that could jeopardize the renewal of the ISMS certificate. The certification body will verify whether SunDee has conducted management reviews and whether they have been effective and documented. If SunDee cannot provide evidence of management reviews, it will have to take corrective actions and undergo a follow-up audit before the certificate can be renewed. Alternatively, the certification body may decide to suspend or withdraw the certificate if SunDee fails to address the nonconformity within a specified time frame.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 9.3 PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Performance evaluation, measurement, and monitoring of an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001 PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Exam Preparation Guide, Section 9: Performance evaluation, measurement, and monitoring of an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001

NEW QUESTION # 50
What should be used to protect data on removable media ifdata confidentiality or integrity are important considerations?

• A. cryptographic techniques
• B. backup on another removable medium
• C. logging
• D. a password

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 51
Scenario 8: SunDee is an American biopharmaceutical company, headquartered in California, the US. It specializes in developing novel human therapeutics, with a focus on cardiovascular diseases, oncology, bone health, and inflammation. The company has had an information security management system (ISMS) based on SO/IEC 27001 in place for the past two years. However, it has not monitored or measured the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS and conducted management reviews regularly Just before the recertification audit, the company decided to conduct an internal audit. It also asked most of their staff to compile the written individual reports of the past two years for their departments. This left the Production Department with less than the optimum workforce, which decreased the company's stock.
Tessa was SunDee's internal auditor. With multiple reports written by 50 different employees, the internal audit process took much longer than planned, was very inconsistent, and had no qualitative measures whatsoever Tessa concluded that SunDee must evaluate the performance of the ISMS adequately. She defined SunDee's negligence of ISMS performance evaluation as a major nonconformity, so she wrote a nonconformity report including the description of the nonconformity, the audit findings, and recommendations. Additionally, Tessa created a new plan which would enable SunDee to resolve these issues and presented it to the top management According to scenario 8, Tessa created a plan for ISMS monitoring and measurement and presented it to the top management Is this acceptable?

• A. Yes, Tessa can advise the top management on improving the company's functions
• B. No, Tessa should only communicate the issues found to the top management
• C. No, Tessa must implement all the improvements needed for issues found during the audit

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer course, one of the roles and responsibilities of an internal auditor is to provide recommendations for improvement based on the audit findings1. Therefore, Tessa can create a plan for ISMS monitoring and measurement and present it to the top management as a way of advising them on how to improve the company's functions. However, Tessa is not responsible for implementing the improvements or communicating the issues found to the top management. Those tasks belong to the process owners and the management representative, respectively2.
References: 1: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Internal Audit, slide 14 2: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Internal Audit, slide 15

NEW QUESTION # 52
Del&Co has decided to improve their staff-related controls to prevent incidents. Which of the following is NOT a preventive control related to the Del&Co's staff?

• A. Authentication and authorization
• B. Video cameras
• C. Control of physical access to the equipment

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 53
Based on scenario 9. is the action plan for the identified nonconformities sufficient to eliminate the detected nonconformities?

• A. Yes, because a separate action plan has been created for the identified nonconformity
• B. No, because the action plan does not address the root cause of the identified nonconformity
• C. No, because the action plan does not include a timeframe for implementation

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 54
Which statement is an example of risk retention?

• A. An organization has decided to release the software even though some minor bugs have not been fixed yet
• B. An organization terminates work in the construction site during a severe storm
• C. An organization has implemented a data loss protection software

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer, risk retention is one of the four risk treatment options that an organization can choose to deal with unacceptable risks. Risk retention means that the organization accepts the risk without taking any action to reduce its likelihood or impact. It applies to risks that are either too costly or impractical to address, or that have a low probability or impact. Therefore, an example of risk retention is when an organization decides to release the software even though some minor bugs have not been fixed yet. This implies that the organization has assessed the risk of releasing the software with bugs and has determined that it is acceptable, either because the bugs are not critical or because the cost of fixing them would outweigh the benefits.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Study guide and documents, section 8.3.2 Risk treatment ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit, page 14, Risk management process
3, ISO 27001: Top risk treatment options and controls explained

NEW QUESTION # 55
Based on scenario 6. when should Colin deliver the next training and awareness session?

• A. After he determines the employees' availability and motivation
• B. After he conducts a competence needs analysis and records the competence related issues
• C. After he ensures that the group of employees targeted have satisfied the organization's needs

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 56
An organization wants to enable the correlation and analysis of security-related events and other recorded data and to support investigations into information security incidents. Which control should it implement7

• A. Use of privileged utility programs
• B. Clock synchronization
• C. Installation of software on operational systems

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
Clock synchronization is the control that enables the correlation and analysis of security-related events and other recorded data and to support investigations into information security incidents. According to ISO/IEC
27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.23.1 states: "The clocks of all relevant information processing systems within an organization or security domain shall be synchronized with an agreed accurate time source." This ensures that the timestamps of the events and data are consistent and accurate across different systems and sources, which facilitates the identification of causal relationships, patterns, trends, and anomalies. Clock synchronization also helps to establish the sequence of events and the responsibility of the parties involved in an incident.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.23.1
PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7, slide 21

NEW QUESTION # 57
Scenario 3: Socket Inc is a telecommunications company offering mainly wireless products and services. It uses MongoDB. a document model database that offers high availability, scalability, and flexibility.
Last month, Socket Inc. reported an information security incident. A group of hackers compromised its MongoDB database, because the database administrators did not change its default settings, leaving it without a password and publicly accessible.
Fortunately. Socket Inc. performed regular information backups in their MongoDB database, so no information was lost during the incident. In addition, a syslog server allowed Socket Inc. to centralize all logs in one server. The company found out that no persistent backdoor was placed and that the attack was not initiated from an employee inside the company by reviewing the event logs that record user faults and exceptions.
To prevent similar incidents in the future, Socket Inc. decided to use an access control system that grants access to authorized personnel only. The company also implemented a control in order to define and implement rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, to protect the database from unauthorized access The implementation was based on all relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the information classification scheme. To improve security and reduce the administrative efforts, network segregation using VPNs was proposed.
Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats, and integrate information security into project management.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Which security control does NOT prevent information security incidents from recurring?

• A. Segregation of networks
• B. Privileged access rights
• C. Information backup

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
Information backup is a corrective control that aims to restore the information in case of data loss, corruption, or deletion. It does not prevent information security incidents from recurring, but rather mitigates their impact.
The other options are preventive controls that reduce the likelihood of information security incidents by limiting the access to authorized personnel, segregating the networks, and using cryptography. These controls can help Socket Inc. avoid future attacks on its MongoDB database by addressing the vulnerabilities that were exploited by the hackers.
References:
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.13 - Information Backup1
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.1 - Access Control Policy2
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.2 - User Access Management3
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.3 - User Responsibilities4
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.4 - System and Application Access Control
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.5 - Cryptography
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.6 - Network Security Management

NEW QUESTION # 58
What is the next step that Operaze's ISMS implementation team should take after drafting the information security policy? Refer to scenario 5.

• A. Obtain top management's approval for the information security policy
• B. Implement the information security policy
• C. Communicate the information security policy to all employees

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of the following is NOT part of the steps required by ISO/IEC 27001 that an organization must take when a nonconformity is detected?

• A. React to the nonconformity, take action to control and correct it. and deal with its consequences
• B. Communicate the details of the nonconformity to every employee of the organization and suspend the employee that caused the nonconformity
• C. Evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of the nonconformity so that it does not recur or occur elsewhere

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
According to the ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer course, the steps required by ISO/IEC 27001 that an organization must take when a nonconformity is detected are as follows1:
React to the nonconformity, take action to control and correct it, and deal with its consequences Evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of the nonconformity so that it does not recur or occur elsewhere Implement any action needed Review the effectiveness of the corrective action Make changes to the information security management system (ISMS) if necessary Therefore, communicating the details of the nonconformity to every employee of the organization and suspending the employee that caused the nonconformity is not part of the steps required by ISO/IEC
27001. This option is not only unnecessary, but also potentially harmful, as it could violate the principles of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, as well as the human rights and dignity of the employee involved2. Instead, the organization should follow the established procedures for reporting, recording, and analyzing nonconformities, and ensure that the corrective actions are appropriate, proportional, and fair3.
References: 1: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 9 2: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 10 3: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 11

NEW QUESTION # 60
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