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Fortinet NSE7_ZTA-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 17
Which three methods can you use to trigger layer 2 polling on FortiNAC? (Choose three)
- A. Manual polling
- B. Polling scripts
- C. Scheduled tasks
- D. Polling using API
- E. Link traps
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
To trigger layer 2 polling on FortiNAC, the three methods are:
A: Polling scripts: These are scripts configured within FortiNAC to actively poll the network at layer 2 to gather information about connected devices.
C: Manual polling: This involves manually initiating a polling process from the FortiNAC interface to gather current network information.
D: Scheduled tasks: Polling can be scheduled as regular tasks within FortiNAC, allowing for automated, periodic collection of network data.
The other options are not standard methods for layer 2 polling in FortiNAC:
B: Link traps: These are more related to SNMP trap messages rather than layer 2 polling.
E: Polling using API: While APIs are used for various integrations, they are not typically used for initiating layer 2 polling in FortiNAC.
References:
FortiNAC Layer 2 Polling Documentation.
Configuring Polling Methods in FortiNAC.
NEW QUESTION # 18
With the increase in loT devices, which two challenges do enterprises face? (Choose two.)
- A. Unpatched vulnerabilities in loT devices
- B. Maintaining a high performance network
- C. Bandwidth consumption due to added overhead of loT
- D. Achieving full network visibility
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
With the increase in IoT devices, enterprises face many challenges in securing and managing their network and data. Two of the most significant challenges are:
Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices (Option C): IoT devices are often vulnerable to cyber attacks due to their increased exposure to the internet and their limited computing resources. Some of the security challenges in IoT include weak password protection, lack of regular patches and updates, insecure interfaces, insufficient data protection, and poor IoT device management12. Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices can allow hackers to exploit them and compromise the network or data. For example, the Mirai malware infected IoT devices by using default credentials and created a massive botnet that launched DDoS attacks on internet services2.
Achieving full network visibility (Option D): IoT devices can generate a large amount of data that needs to be collected, processed, and analyzed. However, many enterprises lack the tools and capabilities to monitor and manage the IoT devices and data effectively. This can result in poor performance, inefficiency, and security risks. Achieving full network visibility means having a clear and comprehensive view of all the IoT devices, their status, their connectivity, their data flow, and their potential threats. This can help enterprises optimize their network performance, ensure data quality and integrity, and detect and prevent any anomalies or attacks3.
References := 1: Challenges in Internet of things (IoT) - GeeksforGeeks 2: Top IoT security issues and challenges (2022) - Thales 3: 7 challenges in IoT and how to overcome them - Hologram
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which three statements are true about a persistent agent? (Choose three.)
- A. Deployed by a login/logout script and is not installed on the endpoint
- B. Agent is downloaded and run from captive portal
- C. Can be used for automatic registration and authentication
- D. Supports advanced custom scans and software inventory.
- E. Can apply supplicant configuration to a host
Answer: C,D,E
Explanation:
A persistent agent is an application that works on Windows, macOS, or Linux hosts to identify them to FortiNAC Manager and scan them for compliance with an endpoint compliance policy. A persistent agent can support advanced custom scans and software inventory, apply supplicant configuration to a host, and be used for automatic registration and authentication. References := Persistent Agent Persistent Agent on Windows Using the Persistent Agent
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which statement is true regarding a FortiClient quarantine using FortiAnalyzer playbooks?
- A. FortiAnalyzer sends an API to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint
- B. FortiAnalyzer discovers malicious activity in the logs and notifies FortiGate
- C. FortiGate sends a notification to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint
- D. FortiClient sends logs to FortiAnalyzer
Answer: A
Explanation:
FortiAnalyzer playbooks are automated workflows that can perform actions based on triggers, conditions, and outputs. One of the actions that a playbook can perform is to quarantine a device by sending an API call to FortiClient EMS, which then instructs the FortiClient agent on the device to disconnect from the network. This can help isolate and contain a compromised or non-compliant device from spreading malware or violating policies. References := Quarantine a device from FortiAnalyzer playbooks Playbooks
NEW QUESTION # 21
What happens when FortiClient EMS is configured as an MDM connector on FortiNAC?
- A. FortiNAC polls FortiClient EMS periodically to update already registered hosts in FortiNAC
- B. FortiNAC checks for device vulnerabilities and compliance with FortiClient
- C. FortiNAC sends the hostdata to FortiClient EMS to update its host database
- D. FortiClient EMS verifies with FortiNAC that the device is registered
Answer: A
Explanation:
When FortiClient EMS is configured as an MDM connector on FortiNAC, it allows FortiNAC to obtain host information from FortiClient EMS and use it for network access control. FortiNAC polls FortiClient EMS periodically (every 5 minutes by default) to update already registered hosts in FortiNAC. This ensures that FortiNAC has the latest host data from FortiClient EMS, such as device type, OS, IP address, MAC address, hostname, and FortiClient version. FortiNAC can also use FortiClient EMS as an authentication source for devices that have FortiClient installed. FortiNAC does not send any data to FortiClient EMS or check for device vulnerabilities and compliance with FortiClient123. References := 1: MDM Service Connectors | FortiClient EMS Integration 2: FortiClient EMS Device Integration|FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 3: Technical Tip: Integration with FortiClient EMS
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which one of the supported communication methods does FortiNAC usefor initial device identification during discovery?
- A. API
- B. SNMP
- C. LLDP
- D. SSH
Answer: B
Explanation:
FortiNAC uses a variety of methods to identify devices on the network, such as Vendor OUI, DHCP fingerprinting, and device profiling12. One of the supported communication methods that FortiNAC uses for initial device identification during discovery is SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)3. SNMP is a protocol that allows network devices to exchange information and monitor their status4. FortiNAC can use SNMP to read information from switches and routers, such as MAC addresses, IP addresses, VLANs, and port status3. SNMP can also be used to configure network devices and enforce policies4. References: 1:
Identification | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 2: Device profiling process | FortiNAC8.3.0 | Fortinet Document Library 3: Using FortiNAC to identify medical devices - James Pratt 4: How does FortiNAC identify a new device on the network?
NEW QUESTION # 23
An administrator is trying to create a separate web tittering profile for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push it to managed FortiClient devices Where can you enable this feature on FortiClient EMS?
- A. On-fabric rule sets
- B. Endpoint policy
- C. System settings
- D. ZTNA connection rules
Answer: B
Explanation:
To create a separate web filtering profile for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push it to managed FortiClient devices in FortiClient EMS, the feature can be enabled in:
A: Endpoint Policy: This is where administrators can define and manage different policies for FortiClient endpoints. These policies can include settings for web filtering, which can be customized for on-fabric and off-fabric scenarios.
The other options do not directly relate to the creation and management of web filtering profiles:
B: ZTNA Connection Rules: These rules are more focused on access control and do not deal directly with web filtering profiles.
C: System Settings: This section typically includes overall system configurations rather than specific policy definitions.
D: On-fabric Rule Sets: While important for on-fabric configurations, they don't directly deal with web filtering profiles.
References:
FortiClient EMS Administration Guide.
Managing Endpoint Policies in FortiClient EMS.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which statement is true regarding a FortiClient quarantine using FortiAnalyzer playbooks?
- A. FortiAnalyzer sends an API to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint
- B. FortiAnalyzer discovers malicious activity in the logs and notifies FortiGate
- C. FortiGate sends a notification to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint
- D. FortiClient sends logs to FortiAnalyzer
Answer: A
Explanation:
FortiAnalyzer playbooks are automated workflows that can perform actions based on triggers, conditions, and outputs. One of the actions that a playbook can perform is to quarantine a device by sending an API call to FortiClient EMS, which then instructs the FortiClient agent on the device to disconnect from the network. This can help isolate and contain a compromised or non-compliant device from spreading malware or violating policies. References := Quarantine a device from FortiAnalyzer playbooks Playbooks
NEW QUESTION # 25
Exhibit.
Which port group membership should you enable on FortiNAC to isolate rogue hosts'?
- A. Reset Forced Registration
- B. Forced Authentication
- C. Forced Registration
- D. Forced Remediation
Answer: D
Explanation:
In FortiNAC, to isolate rogue hosts, you should enable the:
C: Forced Remediation: This port group membership is used to isolate hosts that have been determined to be non-compliant or potentially harmful. It enforces a remediation process on the devices in this group, often by placing them in a separate VLAN or network segment where they have limited or no access to the rest of the network until they are remediated.
The other options are not specifically designed for isolating rogue hosts:
A: Forced Authentication: This is used to require devices to authenticate before gaining network access.
B: Forced Registration: This group is used to ensure that all devices are registered before they are allowed on the network.
D: Reset Forced Registration: This is used to reset the registration status of devices, not to isolate them.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Exhibit.
Which statement is true about the FortiAnalyzer playbook configuration shown in the exhibit?
- A. The playbook is run when an incident is created that matches the filters.
- B. The playbook is run when an event is created that matches the filters
- C. The playbook is run on a configured schedule
- D. The playbook is manually started by an administrator
Answer: D
Explanation:
The FortiAnalyzer playbook configuration shown in the exhibit indicates that:
D: The playbook is manually started by an administrator: The "ON DEMAND" trigger in the playbook suggests that it is initiated manually, as opposed to being automated or scheduled. This typically means that an administrator decides when to run the playbook based on specific needs or incidents.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Exhibit.
Which statement is true about the configuration shown in the exhibit?
- A. The domain that FortiClient is connecting to should match the domain to which the certificate is issued.
- B. default_ZTNARoot CA signs the FortiClient certificate for the SSL connectivity to FortiClient EMS
- C. The connection from FortiClient to FortiClient EMS uses TCP and TLS 1.2.
- D. It the FortiClient EMS server certificate is invalid, FortiClient connects silently.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The exhibit shows the EMS Settings where various configurations related to network security are displayed.
Option C is correct because, in the settings, it is indicated that HTTPS port is used (which operates over TCP) and SSL certificates are involved in securing the connection, implying the use of TLS for encryption and secure communication between FortiClient and FortiClient EMS.
Option A is incorrect because the domain that FortiClient is connecting to does not have to match the domain to which the certificate is issued. The certificate is issued by the ZTNA CA, which is a separate entity from the domain. The certificate only contains the device ID, ZTNA tags, and other information that are used to identify and authenticate the device.
Option B is incorrect because if the FortiClient EMS server certificate is invalid, FortiClient does not connect silently. Instead, it performs the Invalid Certificate Action that is configured in the settings. The Invalid Certificate Action can be set to block, warn, or allow the connection.
Option D is incorrect because default_ZTNARoot CA does not sign the FortiClient certificate for the SSL connectivity to FortiClient EMS. The FortiClient certificate is signed by the ZTNA CA, which is a different certificate authority from default_ZTNARoot CA. default_ZTNARoot CA is the EMS CA Certificate that is used to verify the identity of the EMS server.
References :=
[1]: Technical Tip: ZTNA for Corporate hosts with SAML authentication and FortiAuthenticator as IDP
[2]: Zero Trust Network Access - Fortinet
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which two statements are true regarding certificate-based authentication for ZTNA deployment? (Choose two.)
- A. Certificate actions can be configured only on the FortiGate CLI
- B. Client certificate configuration is a mandatory component for ZTNA
- C. FortiGate signs the client certificate submitted by FortiClient.
- D. The default action for empty certificates is block
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Certificate-based authentication is a method of verifying the identity of a device or user by using a digital certificate issued by a trusted authority. For ZTNA deployment, certificate-based authentication is used to ensure that only authorized devices and users can access the protected applications or resources.
B: The default action for empty certificates is block. This is true because ZTNA requires both device and user verification before granting access. If a device does not have a valid certificate issued by the ZTNA CA, it will be blocked by the ZTNA gateway. This prevents unauthorized or compromised devices from accessing the network.
D: Client certificate configuration is a mandatory component for ZTNA. This is true because ZTNA relies on client certificates to identify and authenticate devices. Client certificates are generated by the ZTNA CA and contain the device ID, ZTNA tags, and other information. Client certificates are distributed to devices by the ZTNA management server (such as EMS) and are used to establish a secure connection with the ZTNA gateway.
A: FortiGate signs the client certificate submitted by FortiClient. This is false because FortiGate does not sign the client certificates. The client certificates are signed by the ZTNA CA, which is a separate entity from FortiGate. FortiGate only verifies the client certificates and performs certificate actions based on the ZTNA tags.
C: Certificate actions can be configured only on the FortiGate CLI. This is false because certificate actions can be configured on both the FortiGate GUI and CLI. Certificate actions are the actions that FortiGate takes based on the ZTNA tags in the client certificates. For example, FortiGate can allow, block, or redirect traffic based on the ZTNA tags.
References :=
1: Technical Tip: ZTNA for Corporate hosts with SAML authentication and FortiAuthenticator as IDP
2: Zero Trust Network Access - Fortinet
NEW QUESTION # 29
What are two functions of NGFW in a ZTA deployment? (Choose two.)
- A. Acts as segmentation gateway
- B. Endpoint vulnerability management
- C. Device discovery and profiling
- D. Packet Inspection
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
NGFW stands for Next-Generation Firewall, which is a network security device that provides advanced features beyond the traditional firewall, such as application awareness, identity awareness, threat prevention, and integration with other security tools. ZTA stands for Zero Trust Architecture, which is a security model that requires strict verification of the identity and context of every request before granting access to network resources. ZTA assumes that no device or user can be trusted by default, even if they are connected to a corporate network or have been previously verified.
In a ZTA deployment, NGFW can perform two functions:
Acts as segmentation gateway: NGFW can act as a segmentation gateway, which is a device that separates different segments of the network based on security policies and rules. Segmentation can help isolate and protect sensitive data and applications from unauthorized or malicious access, as well as reduce the attack surface and contain the impact of a breach. NGFW can enforce granular segmentation policies based on the identity and context of the devices and users, as well as the applications and services they are accessing. NGFW can also integrate with other segmentation tools, such as software-defined networking (SDN) and microsegmentation, to provide a consistent and dynamic segmentation across the network.
Device discovery and profiling: NGFW can also perform device discovery and profiling, which are processes that identify and classify the devices that are connected to the network, as well as their attributes and behaviors. Device discovery and profiling can help NGFW to apply the appropriate security policies and rules based on the device type, role, location, health, and activity. Device discovery and profiling can also help NGFW to detect and respond to anomalous or malicious devices that may pose a threat to the network.
References: =
Some possible references for the answer and explanation are:
What is a Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)? | Fortinet : What is Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)? | Fortinet : Zero Trust Architecture Explained: A Step-by-Step Approach : The Most Common NGFW Deployment Scenarios : Sample Configuration for Post vWAN Deployment
NEW QUESTION # 30
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