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NEW QUESTION # 59
Ethics is a shared responsibility between:

• A. members of the CMMC Ecosystem and Lead Assessors.
• B. OSC and sponsors.
• C. DoD and CMMC-AB.
• D. CMMC-AB and members of the CMMC Ecosystem.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Understanding Ethical Responsibility in the CMMC EcosystemEthics in theCMMC ecosystemis ashared responsibilitybetween theCMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB)and itsmembers. TheCMMC-AB Code of Professional Conductoutlines ethical obligations forassessors, consultants, and other ecosystem participantsto ensure integrity, fairness, and professionalism.
* CMMC-AB ensures the accreditation process remains fair, unbiased, and ethical.
* CMMC ecosystem members (assessors, consultants, and organizations) are responsible for upholding ethical practices in assessments and implementations.
* Ethical violations can result indisciplinary actions, revocation of certification, or legal consequences.
Key Ethical Responsibilities Include:
* A. DoD and CMMC-AB # Incorrect
* TheDoD oversees CMMC implementation, butit is not responsible for the ethical conduct of CMMC assessments.
* B. OSC and Sponsors # Incorrect
* TheOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)is responsible for compliance but doesnot oversee ethics in the CMMC ecosystem.
* C. CMMC-AB and Members of the CMMC Ecosystem # Correct
* Ethics is explicitly stated as ajoint responsibility of the CMMC-AB and its ecosystem membersin official CMMC guidance.
* D. Members of the CMMC Ecosystem and Lead Assessors # Incorrect
* Lead Assessors are part of theCMMC ecosystem, butCMMC-AB is the governing body responsible for ethical oversight.
Why is the Correct Answer "CMMC-AB and Members of the CMMC Ecosystem" (C)?
* CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct
* Defines ethical responsibilities forassessors, consultants, and ecosystem members.
* CMMC Ecosystem Governance Policies
* Ethics isjointly managed by CMMC-AB and its accredited ecosystem members.
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
* Outlines ethical expectations forassessors and consultantsduring certification assessments.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting this answer:

NEW QUESTION # 60
Who will verify the adequacy and sufficiency of evidence to determine whether the practices and related components for each in-scope Host Unit, Supporting Organization/Unit, or enclave have been met?

• A. Authorizing official
• B. OSC
• C. Assessment Team
• D. Assessment official

Answer: C

Explanation:
Per the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP), the Assessment Team is responsible for determining the adequacy and sufficiency of evidence collected during the assessment. The team validates whether practices and components for each in-scope Host Unit, Supporting Organization, or enclave meet the target CMMC level. The OSC (Organization Seeking Certification) provides evidence, but only the Assessment Team makes the verification and scoring determination.
Reference Documents:
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP), v1.0

NEW QUESTION # 61
Per DoDI 5200.48: Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI), CUI is marked by whom?

• A. Authorized holder
• B. Presidentially authorized Original Classification Authority
• C. DOD OUSD
• D. Information Disclosure Official

Answer: A

Explanation:
DoDI 5200.48 specifies that Authorized Holders of CUI are responsible for applying appropriate CUI markings. An authorized holder is an individual who has lawful government purpose access to the information. This ensures that responsibility for correctly marking information rests with those who create or handle the material, not only with original classification authorities (which apply to classified information, not CUI).
Reference Documents:
* DoDI 5200.48, Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)

NEW QUESTION # 62
The director of sales, in a meeting, stated that the sales team received feedback on some emails that were sent, stating that the emails were not marked correctly. Which training should the director of sales refer the sales team to regarding information as to how to mark emails?

• A. NARA CUI Introduction to Marking
• B. C3PAO CUI Introduction to Marking
• C. CMMC-AB CUI Introduction to Marking
• D. FBI CUI Introduction to Marking

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 63
During the review of information that was published to a publicly accessible site, an OSC correctly identifies that part of the information posted should have been restricted. Which item did the OSC MOST LIKELY identify?

• A. Public releases identifying major deals signed with commercial entities
• B. Change of leadership in the organization
• C. FCI
• D. Launching of their new business service line

Answer: C

Explanation:
Understanding Federal Contract Information (FCI) and Publicly Accessible InformationFederal Contract Information (FCI)isnon-public informationprovided by or generated for the U.S. governmentunder a contractthat isnot intended for public release.
Key Characteristics of FCI:#FCI includesdetails related togovernment contracts, project specifics, and performance data.
#It must be protected under FAR 52.204-21, which requiresbasic safeguarding measuresto prevent unauthorized access.
#Posting FCI on a public site is a security violationsince it ismeant to be restrictedfrom public disclosure.
* A. FCI # Correct
* FCI must be protected from unauthorized access, and if it wasincorrectly published online, it should have been restricted.
* B. Change of leadership in the organization # Incorrect
* Leadership changes are typically public informationand do not require restriction unless they involve sensitive government-related security clearances.
* C. Launching of their new business service line # Incorrect
* Marketing and business announcementsare generallypublicly availableandnot restricted information.
* D. Public releases identifying major deals signed with commercial entities # Incorrect
* Commercial contracts and business deals are not considered FCIunless they involvegovernment contracts.
Why is the Correct Answer "A. FCI (Federal Contract Information)"?
* FAR 52.204-21 (Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems)
* DefinesFCI as sensitive but unclassified informationthat must beprotected from public disclosure.
* CMMC 2.0 Level 1 Requirements
* Requires contractors toprotect FCI under basic cybersecurity standardsto prevent unauthorized exposure.
* DoD Guidance on FCI Protection
* States thatpublishing FCI on public websites violates federal cybersecurity requirements.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This answer:

NEW QUESTION # 64
While conducting a CMMC Level 2 Assessment, the Lead Assessor determines that the OSC has badge readers, pin code pads, and keys for various access points as well as documentation to demonstrate meeting the practice. Which CMMC practice has the OSC MET?

• A. PE.L1-3.10.5: Control and manage physical access devices
• B. PS.L2-3.9.2: Ensure that organizational systems containing CUI are protected during and after personnel actions such as terminations and transfers
• C. MP.L2-3.8.5: Mark media with necessary CUI markings and distribution limitations
• D. SI.L2-3.14.3: Monitor system security alerts and advisories and take action in response

Answer: A

Explanation:
The presence of badge readers, PIN code pads, and keys directly corresponds to controlling and managing physical access devices, which maps to PE.L1-3.10.5 under the Physical Protection (PE) domain. This practice ensures that only authorized individuals have access to physical areas containing information systems.
The other options address unrelated requirements:
* MP.L2-3.8.5 addresses marking CUI media,
* SI.L2-3.14.3 addresses monitoring security alerts,
* PS.L2-3.9.2 addresses protections during personnel changes.
Reference Documents:
* CMMC Model v2.0, Level 1-3 Practices
* NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2, Control PE-3

NEW QUESTION # 65
A defense contractor needs to share FCI with a subcontractor and sends this data in an email. The email system involved in this process is being used to:

• A. transmit FCI.
• B. manage FCI.
• C. generate FCI
• D. process FCI.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Federal Contract Information (FCI) is defined inFAR 52.204-21as information provided by or generated for the government under contract but not intended for public release. UnderCMMC 2.0, organizations handling FCI must implementFAR 52.204-21 Basic Safeguarding Requirements, ensuring proper protection in processing, storing, and transmittingFCI.
Analyzing the Given OptionsThe question involves an email system that is used tosendFCI to a subcontractor.
Let's break down the possible answers:
* A. Manage FCI# Incorrect
* Managing FCI involves activities like organizing, storing, and maintaining access to FCI.
Sending an email does not fall under management; it is an act of transmission.
* B. Process FCI# Incorrect
* Processing refers to actively using FCI for operational or analytical purposes, such as analyzing, modifying, or computing data. Simply sending an email does not constitute processing.
* C. Transmit FCI# Correct
* Transmission refers to the act of sending FCI from one entity to another. Since the contractor is sendingFCI via email, this falls undertransmittingthe data.
Reference:NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2, 3.1.3- "Control CUI (or FCI) by transmitting it using authorized mechanisms." D: Generate FCI# Incorrect Generating FCI means creating new contract-related information. The contractor is not creating FCI in this scenario but merely transmitting it.
Official References Supporting the Correct AnswerCMMC 2.0 Level 1 Practices (FAR 52.204-21 Basic Safeguarding Controls)
3.1.3: "Control CUI (or FCI) by transmitting it using authorized mechanisms." This confirms that email transmission falls under"transmitting" FCI, not managing or processing.
NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2 (Protecting CUI in Non-Federal Systems)
Requirement 3.13.8: "Implement cryptographic methods to protect CUI when transmitted." While this applies more to CUI, FCI should also be protected during transmission, confirming that email is a form oftransmittinginformation.
ConclusionSince the contractor issendingFCI via email, the correct answer isC. Transmit FCI.This aligns withCMMC 2.0 Level 1practices underFAR 52.204-21andNIST SP 800-171, which emphasize securing transmitted data.

NEW QUESTION # 66
Which principles are included in defining the CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct?

• A. Responsibility, classification, and information accuracy
• B. Objectivity, confidentiality, and information integrity
• C. Objectivity, classification, and information accuracy
• D. Responsibility, confidentiality, and information integrity

Answer: B

Explanation:
Understanding the CMMC-AB Code of Professional ConductTheCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB), now referred to asThe Cyber AB, establishes aCode of Professional Conduct (CoPC)for all individuals involved in CMMC assessments, includingCertified Assessors (CAs), Certified Professionals (CPs), and C3PAOs (Certified Third-Party Assessment Organizations).
Thecore principlesoutlined in theCMMC-AB Code of Professional Conductinclude:
Responsibility
CMMC professionals must takefull accountabilityfor their actions, ensuring that assessments are conducted withintegrity and professionalism.
They mustadhere to all ethical and regulatory requirementsestablished by The Cyber AB and the DoD.
Confidentiality
CMMC professionals mustprotect sensitive information, includingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI) andFederal Contract Information (FCI).
They are required toadhere to non-disclosure agreements (NDAs)and avoid improper information sharing.
Information Integrity
All reports, findings, and recommendations in CMMC assessments must beaccurate, unbiased, and truthful.
Assessors mustavoid conflicts of interestand ensure that all data provided in an assessment isverifiable and free from misrepresentation.
Answer A (Incorrect): "Classification" is not a primary principle of the CMMC-AB CoPC. The focus is on protectingCUI and FCI, not on classification procedures.
Answer B (Incorrect): "Objectivity" is important, but it is not explicitly listed as one of the three core principles in theCMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct.
Answer C (Incorrect): "Classification" is not a guiding principle in the CoPC.
Answer D (Correct):The Code of Professional Conduct explicitly emphasizes responsibility, confidentiality, and information integrity.
The correct answer isD. Responsibility, Confidentiality, and Information Integrity.
These principlesensure that all CMMC professionals maintain ethical standards and uphold the integrity of the certification process.
References:
CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)
The Cyber AB Ethical Guidelines
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide

NEW QUESTION # 67
An assessment procedure consists of an assessment objective, potential assessment methods, and assessment objects. Which statement is part of an assessment objective?

• A. Examination, interviews, and testing
• B. Exercising assessment objects under specified conditions
• C. Determination statement related to the practice
• D. Specifications and mechanisms

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 68
An assessor needs to get the most accurate answers from an OSC's team members. What is the BEST method to ensure that the OSC's team members are able to describe team member responsibilities?

• A. Ensure confidentiality and non-attribution of team members.
• B. Let team members know the questions prior to the assessment.
• C. Understand that testing is more important that interviews.
• D. Interview groups of people to get collective answers.

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 69
While determining the scope for a company's CMMC Level 1 Self-Assessment, the contract administrator includes the hosting providers that manage their IT infrastructure. Which asset type BEST describes the third- party organization?

• A. ESPs
• B. Facilities
• C. People
• D. Technology

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 70
How does the CMMC define a practice?

• A. A business transaction
• B. A series of changes taking place in a defined manner
• C. An activity or activities performed to meet defined CMMC objectives
• D. A condition arrived at by experience or exercise

Answer: C

Explanation:
Understanding the Definition of a "Practice" in CMMC 2.0In CMMC 2.0, the term"practice"refers to specific cybersecurity activities that organizations must implement to achieve compliance with defined security objectives.
* Definition from CMMC Documentation:
* According to theCMMC Model Overview, apracticeis defined as:
Step-by-Step Breakdown:"An activity or activities performed to meet defined CMMC objectives."
* This means that practices are theactions and implementations required to protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) and Federal Contract Information (FCI).
* How Practices Fit into CMMC 2.0:
* CMMC 2.0 Level 1 consists of17 practices, which align withFAR 52.204-21 (Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems).
* CMMC 2.0 Level 2 consists of110 practices, aligned directly withNIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2.
* Each practice has anobjectivethat must be met to demonstrate compliance.
* Official CMMC 2.0 References:
* TheCMMC 2.0 Model Documentationdefines practices as "the fundamental cybersecurity activities necessary to achieve security objectives."
* TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guideoutlines how assessors verify the implementation of these practices during an assessment.
* TheNIST SP 800-171A Guideprovidesassessment objectivesfor each practice to ensure they are implemented effectively.
* Comparison with Other Answer Choices:
* A. A business transaction# Incorrect. CMMC practices focus on cybersecurity activities, not financial or operational transactions.
* B. A condition arrived at by experience or exercise# Incorrect. While practices evolve over time, they are defined activities, not just experience-based conditions.
* C. A series of changes taking place in a defined manner# Incorrect. A practice is a set of security actions, not just a process of change.
Conclusion:ACMMC practicerefers to specificcybersecurity activities performed to meet defined CMMC objectives. This makesOption Dthe correct answer.

NEW QUESTION # 71
Which example represents a Specialized Asset?

• A. Hosted VPN services
• B. Consultants who provide cybersecurity services
• C. All property owned or leased by the government
• D. SOCs

Answer: D

Explanation:
Understanding Specialized Assets in CMMCASpecialized Assetis defined asa system, device, or infrastructure component that is not a traditional IT system but still plays a role in cybersecurity or business operations.
Types of Specialized Assets (as per CMMC guidance):#Operational Technology (OT)- Industrial control systems, SCADA systems.
#Security Operations Centers (SOCs)- Dedicated cybersecurity monitoring and response centers.
#IoT Devices- Smart sensors, embedded systems.
#Restricted IT Systems- Systems with highly controlled access.
* A. SOCs # Correct
* Security Operations Centers (SOCs) are specialized cybersecurity environmentsused forthreat monitoring, detection, and response.
* They oftenoperate outside standard IT infrastructureand are classified asspecialized assetsunder CMMC.
* B. Hosted VPN services # Incorrect
* VPN services are standard IT infrastructureanddo not qualify as specialized assets.
* C. Consultants who provide cybersecurity services # Incorrect
* Consultants are personnel, not specialized assets. Specialized assets refer tosystems, devices, or infrastructure.
* D. All property owned or leased by the government # Incorrect
* Government property is not automatically considered a specialized assetunder CMMC.
Specialized assets refer tospecific IT or cybersecurity-related infrastructure.
Why is the Correct Answer "SOCs" (A)?
* CMMC 2.0 Assessment Process (CAP) Document
* DefinesSpecialized Assetsand includesSOCsin its examples.
* CMMC-AB Guidelines
* Listssecurity infrastructure like SOCsasSpecialized Assetsdue to their unique cybersecurity function.
* NIST SP 800-171 & CMMC 2.0 Security Domains
* Recognizesdedicated security monitoring environmentsas part of an organization's cybersecurity posture.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:
Final Answer:#A. SOCs (Security Operations Centers)

NEW QUESTION # 72
Which document BEST determines the existence of FCI and/or CUI in scoping an assessment with an OSC?

• A. OSC SSP
• B. OSC Contract with DoD
• C. OSC POA&M
• D. OSC Evidence

Answer: B

Explanation:
Understanding DFARS Clause 252.204-7012TheDefense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) clause 252.204-7012is a mandatory cybersecurity clause required inall DoD contracts and solicitationsthat involveControlled Unclassified Information (CUI).
Key Requirements of DFARS 252.204-7012#Implements NIST SP 800-171security controls for contractors handlingCUI.
#Requirescyber incident reportingto theDoD Cyber Crime Center (DC3)within72 hours.
#Mandatesadequate security measuresto protectDoD information systems.
#Applies toall DoD contracts, except for those exclusively acquiring COTS items.
Option A (Correct):DFARS 252.204-7012must be included in all DoD contracts and solicitationswhen CUI is involved.
Option B (Incorrect):FAR Part 12 procedures apply tocommercial item acquisitions, but DFARS 7012 appliesregardless of procurement procedures.
Option C (Incorrect):Contractssolely for COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) productsare exemptfrom DFARS
7012.
Option D (Incorrect):COTS itemssold without modificationsarenot requiredto include DFARS 7012.
DFARS Clause 252.204-7012 (Safeguarding Covered Defense Information and Cyber Incident Reporting) NIST SP 800-171- The required cybersecurity standard for contractors under DFARS 7012.
Why "All DoD Solicitations and Contracts" is Correct?Official References from DoD and DFARS DocumentationFinal Verification and Conclusion

NEW QUESTION # 73
What service is the MOST comprehensive that the RPO provides?

• A. Assessment services
• B. Education services
• C. Consulting services
• D. Training services

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 74
A CMMC Assessment is being conducted at an OSC's HQ. which is a shared workspace in a multi-tenant building. The OSC is renting four offices on the first floor that can be locked individually. The first-floor conference room is shared with other tenants but has been reserved to conduct the assessment. The conference room has a desk with a drawer that does not lock. At the end of the day, an evidence file that had been sent by email is reviewed. What is the BEST way to handle this file?

• A. Review it. print it, and put it in the desk drawer.
• B. Review it. print it, and leave it in a folder on the table together with the other documents.
• C. Review it, print it, make notes, and then shred it in cross-cut shredder in the print room.
• D. Review it, and make notes on the computer provided by the client.

Answer: C

Explanation:
In the context of the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0, particularly at Level 2, organizations are required to implement stringent controls to protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). This includes adhering to specific practices related to media protection and physical security.
Media Protection (MP):
* MP.L2-3.8.1 - Media Protection:Organizations must protect (i.e., physically control and securely store) system media containing CUI, both paper and digital. This ensures that sensitive information is not accessible to unauthorized individuals.
Defense Innovation Unit
* MP.L2-3.8.3 - Media Disposal:It is imperative to sanitize or destroy information system media containing CUI before disposal or release for reuse. This practice prevents potential data breaches from discarded or repurposed media.
Defense Innovation Unit
Physical Protection (PE):
* PE.L2-3.10.2 - Monitor Facility:Organizations are required to protect and monitor the physical facility and support infrastructure for organizational systems. This includes ensuring that areas where CUI is processed or stored are secure and access is controlled.
Defense Innovation Unit
Application to the Scenario:
Given that the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC) operates within a shared, multi-tenant building and utilizes a common conference room for assessments, the following considerations are crucial:
* Reviewing the Evidence File:The evidence file, which contains CUI, should be reviewed on a secure, authorized device to prevent unauthorized access or potential data leakage.
* Printing the Evidence File:If printing is necessary, ensure that the printer is located in a secure area, and the printed documents are retrieved immediately to prevent unauthorized viewing.
* Making Notes:Any notes derived from the evidence file should be treated with the same level of security as the original document, especially if they contain CUI.
* Disposal of Printed Materials:After the assessment, all printed materials and notes containing CUI must be destroyed using a cross-cut shredder. Cross-cut shredding ensures that the information cannot be reconstructed, thereby maintaining confidentiality.
totem.tech
Options A and D are inadequate as they involve leaving sensitive information in unsecured locations, which violates CMMC physical security requirements. Option B, while secure in terms of digital handling, does not address the proper disposal of any physical copies that may have been made. Therefore, Option C is the best practice, aligning with CMMC 2.0 guidelines by ensuring that all physical media containing CUI are properly reviewed, securely stored during use, and thoroughly destroyed when no longer needed.

NEW QUESTION # 75
Which standard and regulation requirements are the CMMC Model 2.0 based on?

• A. NIST SP 800-171 and NIST SP 800-172
• B. DFARS, FIPS 100, NIST SP 800-171, and Carnegie Mellon University
• C. DFARS, NIST, and Carnegie Mellon University
• D. DFARS, FIPS 100, and NIST SP 800-171

Answer: A

Explanation:
TheCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0is primarily based on two key National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publications:
NIST SP 800-171- "Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) in Nonfederal Systems and Organizations" NIST SP 800-172- "Enhanced Security Requirements for Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information: A Supplement to NIST Special Publication 800-171" NIST SP 800-171 This document is thecore foundationof CMMC 2.0 and establishes the security requirements for protectingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)in non-federal systems.
The 110 security controls fromNIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2are mapped directly toCMMC Level 2.
NIST SP 800-172
This supplement includesenhanced security requirementsfor organizations handlinghigh-value CUIthat faces advanced persistent threats (APTs).
These enhanced requirements apply toCMMC Level 3under the 2.0 model.
B). DFARS, FIPS 100, and NIST SP 800-171#Incorrect
WhileDFARS 252.204-7012mandates compliance withNIST SP 800-171,FIPS 100 does not existas a relevant cybersecurity standard.
C). DFARS, NIST, and Carnegie Mellon University#Incorrect
CMMC is aligned with DFARS and NIST but isnot developed or directly influenced by Carnegie Mellon University.
D). DFARS, FIPS 100, NIST SP 800-171, and Carnegie Mellon University#Incorrect Again,FIPS 100 is not relevant, andCarnegie Mellon Universityis not a defining entity in the CMMC framework.
CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide (2023)confirms thatCMMC Level 2 is entirely based on NIST SP 800-171.
CMMC 2.0 Level 3 Draft Documentationexplicitly referencesNIST SP 800-172for enhanced security requirements.
DoD Interim Rule (DFARS 252.204-7021)mandates that organizations meetNIST SP 800-171 for CUI protection.
Reference and Breakdown:Eliminating Incorrect Answer Choices:Official CMMC 2.0 References Supporting the Answer Final Conclusion:The CMMC 2.0 model is derivedsolely from NIST SP 800-171 and NIST SP
800-172, makingAnswer A the only correct choice.

NEW QUESTION # 76
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