A. SNCP-protected links

B. Backbone networks, for supporting protection routes

C. ASON networks, to protect traffic via GMPL5 protocols

D. Access networks, for collecting traffic towards the main central node

A. 200 x 15-min bins, 90 x 1-day bins and 1 raw bin.

B. 33 x 15-min bins, 8 x 1-day bins and 1 raw bin.

C. 120 x 15-min bins, 60 x 1-day bins and 1 raw bin.

D. 4 x 15-min bins and 1 x 1-day bin.

A. Wavelength router (WR)

B. Dispersion compensation module (DCM)

C. Static filter device (SFD)

D. Optical transponder (OT)

A. Services are transported over trails; that is, services are clients with respect to trails.

B. A service is always associated to a single wavelength, while a trail can involve multiple wavelengths.

C. A trail can interconnect three ports, while a service always two.

D. Trails are transported over services; that is, trails are clients with respect to services.

A. Only multi-mode fibers can be used with coherent transmissions.

B. At each receiver, a dispersion compensation unit is often necessary, depending on the fiber length.

C. The channel allocation is flexible, according to the channel size of the signals.

D. Coherent systems need carrier phase information at the receiver.

A. FlexGrid systems use specific sets of boards. Old generation WDM systems need to be upgraded to support FlexGrid.

B. Channels in FlexGrid systems are allocated with a granularity of 27.5GHz.

C. The FlexGrid is currently standardized by ITU-T.

D. FlexGrid allows a more efficient channel spacing.

A. The metro area network is made of OCS/SWDM nodes only, as no pure photonic nodes are used here.

B. The metro area network is that portion of network that passes through a city to provide connections to several customers.

C. The metro area network is located in between two access area networks and made of photonic nodes only (no OCS/SWDM nodes are used there).

D. The metro area network is located between access and core domains.