A. FTP

B. iP and TCP

C. NFS

D. IcmP and UDP

E. UDP

A. Multicast router: router or layer three switch that supports the three-layer multicast function

B. Multicast group members: Multicast group members can be widely distributed anywhere in the network

C. Multicast source: the sender of information, who needs to join the multicast group to provide the forwarding of multicast group messages

D. Multicast group: a set identified by an IP multicast address

A. The interface of the MCE device root media receiving the routing information base can determine the technical source of the routing information base and maintain it in the routing and forwarding table of the corresponding VP

B. Since the MCE device is already bound to the VPN, there is no need to bind the VPN on the PE connected to the MCE device.

C. Configure MCE to enable one CE to connect to multiple VPNs at the same time, which can achieve complete isolation of services between different VPN users and reduce the investment cost of network equipment.

D. The implementation principle of MCE is to create respective routing and forwarding tables for different VPNs on the MCE equipment and bind them to the corresponding interfaces.

A. Consume available MAC address entries in the system

B. Increase the power consumption of the power supply

C. Consume available bandwidth

D. Occupy TCAM entries

E. Occupy the memory of cached frames

A. Configure CE dual-homing networking at the access layer.

B. VPN FRR

C. VPN GR

D. Private network IP routing between the PE and the CE FRR

A. Sham link is regarded as a link between two VPN instances. Each VPN instance must have an endpoint address of the sham link, which must be a Loopback with a 32bit mask in the VPN address space on the PE router. interface address

B. Sham link can be configured in any area and needs to be configured manually, and there must be a route to the sham link destination address (the sham link endpoint address of the peer PE) in the local VPN instance

C. In order to forward VPN traffic through the MPLS backbone network, the route cost of the sham link should be less than the OSPF route cost of the backdoor link

D. The endpoint address of the Sham link is advertised by BGP as the VPNv4 address. Routes that have passed through the sham link can also be imported into BGP in the form of VPNv4 routes

A. Flags

B. Protocol

C. identification

D. Time to Live

A. TURE

B. FALSE

A. 15M

B. 90M

C. 30M

D. 25M

A. False

B. True